The earthquakes in Mexico have not damaged the nation's pipeline system, a system that U.S. companies are looking to invest in. For the past three years, the Mexican oil & gas market has been open to foreign companies -- for the first time since 1938. U.S. energy companies looking to enter Mexican energy market are hedging their bets while the country grapples with what the gov't says is mounting theft of oil and gasoline from its pipelines.
VERACRUZ, Mexico---American energy companies are looking to enter Mexico's oil, natural gas and electricity markets which have been open since 2014 to foreign participation for the first time since 1938.
Major U.S. energy companies such as ExxonMobil and Chevron have entered the Mexican energy space. However smaller companies such as drillers, rig operators and seismic surveyors, the nuts and bolts of an industry that Mexico's politicians hope will lift the economy are hedging their bets because of a serious security threat that the Mexican government has said is rising, namely the theft of oil and gasoline from Mexican pipelines.
In the last few years, at least 120 workers at the state-owned oil company Pemex have been arrested for sharing inside information about the location of pipelines, which often run through sparsely-populated rural regions.
Pemex has published statistics illustrating the rise in the theft from its pipelines, including the most recent known case of collusion between organized crime and either Pemex employees or other public servants working with Pemex.
The loss of oil and gas from Pemex pipelines currently totals more than $1 billion a year according to a recent report from Rice University in Houston.. That is leaving some U.S. companies skittish about entering the market.
This phenomenon of lax security and alleged collusion is major red flag for U.S. investors. Mexico's mantra is that despite deep-rooted narco-violence, energy infrastructure is secure. Some Mexicans don't believe that claim.
"They sell stolen gas in hidden places "said taxi driver José Avina in Spanish while pointing to a side road. "But everyone knows where to find them," he said of the huachicoleros, the pipeline thieves.
These days, songs celebrate huachicoleros as modern-day Robin Hoods fighting higher prices at the pump. Prices began rising in a staggered roll-out across Mexico in January when government subsidies ended as part of Mexico's energy reform. The price rise triggered Mexico's gasolinazo, a series of riots as drivers rebelled against the new gasoline price structure.
There are numerous examples of politicians and high-ranking state police officers working in the illegal trade of stolen gas, often using information on the given pipeline's location allegedly provided by contacts inside Pemex. In June, a mayor in the state of Puebla was arrested while previously the former head of the Puebla State Police and his chief of operations were removed from office after being caught while protecting traffickers as they took gasoline from a pipeline.
"You and I cannot go out and start looking for a pipeline and tap that pipeline. You have to know where it is and the right place in which to do it," said Jorge Piñon of the alleged sharing by current and former Pemex employees of inside information. Piñon is the former head of Amoco Oil Latin America.
Deadly explosions, environmental damage and standoffs with the Mexican army are all consequences of the trade in stolen commodity.
"How can we reform our energy sector when shady actors on both sides of the law are involved?," asked Miguel Arturo Flores, a leader of the oil workers' union.
For foreign investors, words like that mean market uncertainty.
"It's not just security, that is, the ability of companies to protect their pipelines or their trucks that deliver fuel and so on, but also to protect their personnel from kidnapping and from being robbed and assaulted," said Tony Payan who heads the Mexico Center at Rice University.
Major U.S companies such as Exxon Mobil are opening branded gas stations in Mexico. But Payan says smaller companies like drillers and seismic surveyors are waiting before committing their capital.
